Difference between revisions of "Ji̍t-thâu"

Revision as of 2021 nî 2 goe̍h 13 ji̍t, 09:12

Ji̍t-thâu

Ji̍t-thâu, ia̍h sī kóng Ji̍t, mā hō thài-iông, sī chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê thian-thé. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa he̍k-chheⁿ kiam kî-tha thài-iông-hē thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. Tē-kiû téng ê oa̍h-mi̍h tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu só͘ hoat--chhut-lâi ê kng kap jia̍t tit sè-miā.

Sèng-chit

Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R_☉, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe, koh lî Tē-kiû 215 R_☉ hn̄g, só͘-tì tùi Tē khòaⁿ khì, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài goân-chú, koh ū chiàm chió-hūn ê hun-chú.

Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (spectral type). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip chheⁿ, V tō sī chú hē-lia̍t (main sequence) chheⁿ ê ì-sù, sī kâng un-tō͘ ka-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.

Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p (thermonuclear fusion) hoán-èng tit tio̍h i hong-hù ê lêng-liōng. Chit hō hoán-ēng koan-sia̍p tio̍h kā chúi-sò͘ choán chò he-lí-ùm (helium) kap khah-tāng ê hu̍t-chú ê kòe-têng.

Kng-chú koan-hē tio̍h hia pàng-jia̍t iông-ha̍p hoán-èng, tùi ji̍t-thâu ê sim hiòng gōa pàng chhut, sim ê gōa-ûi sī hòng-siā khu (radiative zone), koh lâi sī tùi-liû-lông (convective envelope), kng-khoan (photosphere), sek-khoan (chromosphere), siōng gōa chân sī kho-ló͘-nah (corona).

Gián-kiù ê le̍k-sú

Chēng thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tiō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h ji̍t-thâu-pan (sunspot); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng tùi chit-ê sèng-chit chò hē-thóng-sèng ê gián-kiù. I-tá-lih ê Galileo Galilei kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner sī tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ khòaⁿ ji̍t-thâu-pan ê ha̍k-chiá. 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê John Flamsteed kap Hoat-kok ê Gian Domenico Cassini pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi Isaac Newton tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.

1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê Samuel Heinrich Schwabe tī gián-kiù Chúi-chheⁿ ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ê piàn-hòa tio̍h chiàu chi̍t-ê chiu-kî. Āu--lâi Sūi-se ê Rudolf Wolf chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang.

Chham-chiàu

Joseph A. Angelo (2006). "Sun". Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-5330-8.
"Sun". Encyclopædia Britannica.

Liân-kiat

Ji̍t-thâu, Wikipedia.
Ji̍t-thâu, 台語百科.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Sun SDO-HMI visible light 2011-06-07.jpg|thumb|Ji̍t-thâu]]
-'''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', sī chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê [[thian-thé]]. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa [[he̍k-chheⁿ]] kiam kî-tha [[thài-iông-hē]] thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. [[Tē-kiû]] téng ê sè-miā tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu só͘ hoat--chhut-lâi ê kng kap jia̍t.
+'''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', sī chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê [[thian-thé]]. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa [[he̍k-chheⁿ]] kiam kî-tha [[thài-iông-hē]] thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. [[Tē-kiû]] téng ê oa̍h-mi̍h tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu só͘ hoat--chhut-lâi ê kng kap jia̍t tit sè-miā.
 == Sèng-chit ==
-Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe, koh lî Tē-kiû 215 R<sub>☉</sub> hn̄g, só͘-í tùi Tē khòaⁿ kìⁿ, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài [[goân-chú]], koh ū chiàm chió-hūn ê [[hun-chú]].
+Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe, koh lî Tē-kiû 215 R<sub>☉</sub> hn̄g, só͘-tì tùi Tē khòaⁿ khì, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài [[goân-chú]], koh ū chiàm chió-hūn ê [[hun-chú]].
-Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (''spectral type''). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip chheⁿ, V tō sī [[chú hē-lia̍t]] (''main sequence'') chheⁿ ê ì-sù, sī kâng un-tō͘ ka-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.
+Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (''spectral type''). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip chheⁿ, V tō sī [[chú hē-lia̍t]] (''main sequence'') chheⁿ ê ì-sù, sī kâng [[un-tō͘]] ka-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.
 Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi [[jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p]] (''thermonuclear fusion'') hoán-èng tit tio̍h i hong-hù ê lêng-liōng. Chit hō hoán-ēng koan-sia̍p tio̍h kā [[chúi-sò͘]] choán chò [[he-lí-ùm]] (''helium'') kap khah-tāng ê hu̍t-chú ê kòe-têng.
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 == Gián-kiù ê le̍k-sú ==
-Chêng thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tiō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h [[ji̍t-thâu-pan]] (''sunspot''); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng tùi chit-ê sèng-chit chò hē-thóng-sèng ê gián-kiù. I-tá-lih ê [[Galileo Galilei]] kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner sī tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ khòaⁿ Ji̍t-thâu ji̍t-thâu-pan ê ha̍k-chiá. 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê [[John Flamsteed]] kap Hoat-kok ê [[Gian Domenico Cassini]] pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi [[Isaac Newton]] tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.
+Chēng thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tiō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h [[ji̍t-thâu-pan]] (''sunspot''); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng tùi chit-ê sèng-chit chò hē-thóng-sèng ê gián-kiù. I-tá-lih ê [[Galileo Galilei]] kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner sī tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ khòaⁿ ji̍t-thâu-pan ê ha̍k-chiá. 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê [[John Flamsteed]] kap Hoat-kok ê [[Gian Domenico Cassini]] pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi [[Isaac Newton]] tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.
 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê [[Samuel Heinrich Schwabe]] tī gián-kiù [[Chúi-chheⁿ]] ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ê piàn-hòa tio̍h chiàu chi̍t-ê chiu-kî. Āu--lâi [[Sūi-se]] ê [[Rudolf Wolf]] chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang.