Difference between revisions of "Ji̍t-thâu"
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[[File:Sun SDO-HMI visible light 2011-06-07.jpg|thumb|Ji̍t-thâu]] | [[File:Sun SDO-HMI visible light 2011-06-07.jpg|thumb|Ji̍t-thâu]] | ||
'''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', | '''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê [[thian-thé]]. Ji̍t-thâu ê [[tāng-le̍k|tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ]] ín-chhōa [[he̍k-chheⁿ]] kiam pa̍t khoán [[thài-iông-hē]] thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. [[Tē-kiû]] téng ê oa̍h-mi̍h tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu hoat ê kng kap jia̍t tit sè-miā. | ||
== Sèng-chit == | == Sèng-chit == | ||
Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe | Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe. Ji̍t-thâu lī Tē-kiû 215 R<sub>☉</sub> hn̄g, só͘-tì tùi Tē khòaⁿ khì, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài [[goân-chú]], iā ū chiàm chió-hūn ê [[hun-chú]]. Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (''spectral type''). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip, V ì-sù sī [[chú hē-lia̍t]] (''main sequence''), sī kâng [[un-tō͘]] kai-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán. | ||
Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi [[jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p]] (''thermonuclear fusion'') hoán-èng tit tio̍h phong-phài ê [[la̍t-thâu]]. Iông-ha̍p hoán-èng kòe-têng kā [[chúi-sò͘]] choán chò [[he-lí-ùm]] (''helium'') kiam pa̍t khoán khah tāng ê hu̍t-chú. Keng-kòe [[pàng-jia̍t iông-ha̍p hoán-èng]], [[kng-lia̍p]] (''photon'') tùi Ji̍t-thâu ê sim hiòng gōa pàng chhut, sim ê gōa-ûi sī [[hòng-siā khu]] (''radiative zone''), koh lâi sī [[tùi-liû-pau]] (''convective envelope''), [[kng-khoan]] (''photosphere''), [[sek-khoan]] (''chromosphere''), siōng gōa têng hō chò [[kho-ló͘-nà]] (''corona''). | |||
== Gián-kiù-sú == | |||
Thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h [[ji̍t-thâu-pan]] (''sunspot''); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng hē-thóng-sèng lâi káng-kiù chit-ê sèng-chit. [[I-tá-lí-ah]] ê ha̍k-chiá [[Galileo Galilei]] kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ koan-chhat ji̍t-thâu-pan. | |||
[[ | 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê [[John Flamsteed]] kap Hoat-kok ê [[Gian Domenico Cassini]] pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi [[Isaac Newton]] tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim. | ||
1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê [[Samuel Heinrich Schwabe]] tī gián-kiù [[Chúi-chheⁿ]] ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ū chiàu chiu-kî teh piàn-hòa. Āu--lâi [[Sūi-se]] ê [[Rudolf Wolf]] chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang. | |||
1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê [[Samuel Heinrich Schwabe]] tī gián-kiù [[Chúi-chheⁿ]] ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan | |||
== Chham-chiàu == | == Chham-chiàu == | ||
Latest revision as of 2024 nî 6 goe̍h 15 ji̍t, 04:13
Ji̍t-thâu, ia̍h sī kóng Ji̍t, mā hō thài-iông, chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê thian-thé. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa he̍k-chheⁿ kiam pa̍t khoán thài-iông-hē thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. Tē-kiû téng ê oa̍h-mi̍h tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu hoat ê kng kap jia̍t tit sè-miā.
Sèng-chit
Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R☉, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe. Ji̍t-thâu lī Tē-kiû 215 R☉ hn̄g, só͘-tì tùi Tē khòaⁿ khì, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài goân-chú, iā ū chiàm chió-hūn ê hun-chú. Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (spectral type). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip, V ì-sù sī chú hē-lia̍t (main sequence), sī kâng un-tō͘ kai-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.
Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p (thermonuclear fusion) hoán-èng tit tio̍h phong-phài ê la̍t-thâu. Iông-ha̍p hoán-èng kòe-têng kā chúi-sò͘ choán chò he-lí-ùm (helium) kiam pa̍t khoán khah tāng ê hu̍t-chú. Keng-kòe pàng-jia̍t iông-ha̍p hoán-èng, kng-lia̍p (photon) tùi Ji̍t-thâu ê sim hiòng gōa pàng chhut, sim ê gōa-ûi sī hòng-siā khu (radiative zone), koh lâi sī tùi-liû-pau (convective envelope), kng-khoan (photosphere), sek-khoan (chromosphere), siōng gōa têng hō chò kho-ló͘-nà (corona).
Gián-kiù-sú
Thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h ji̍t-thâu-pan (sunspot); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng hē-thóng-sèng lâi káng-kiù chit-ê sèng-chit. I-tá-lí-ah ê ha̍k-chiá Galileo Galilei kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ koan-chhat ji̍t-thâu-pan.
1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê John Flamsteed kap Hoat-kok ê Gian Domenico Cassini pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi Isaac Newton tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.
1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê Samuel Heinrich Schwabe tī gián-kiù Chúi-chheⁿ ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ū chiàu chiu-kî teh piàn-hòa. Āu--lâi Sūi-se ê Rudolf Wolf chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang.
Chham-chiàu
- Joseph A. Angelo (2006). "Sun". Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-5330-8.
- "Sun". Encyclopædia Britannica.